ASCII Code
ASCII, stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. It is a 7-bit character code where each individual bit represents a unique character. This page shows the extended ASCII table which is based on the Windows-1252 character set which is an 8 bit ASCII table with 256 characters and symbols. It includes all ASCII codes from standard ASCII, and it is a superset of ISO 8859-1 in terms of printable characters. In the range 128 to 159 (hex 80 to 9F), ISO/IEC 8859-1 has invisible control characters, while Windows-1252 has writable characters. Windows-1252 is probably the most-used 8-bit character encoding in the world.
Windows-1252

ASCII control characters (character code 0-31)

The first 32 characters in the ASCII-table are unprintable control codes and are used to control peripherals such as printers.
DECOCTHEXBINSymbolHTML NumberHTML NameDescription
00000000000000NUL� Null character
10010100000001SOH Start of Heading
20020200000010STX Start of Text
30030300000011ETX End of Text
40040400000100EOT End of Transmission
50050500000101ENQ Enquiry
60060600000110ACK Acknowledge
70070700000111BEL Bell, Alert
80100800001000BS Backspace
90110900001001HT	 Horizontal Tab
100120A00001010LF
 Line Feed
110130B00001011VT Vertical Tabulation
120140C00001100FF Form Feed
130150D00001101CR
 Carriage Return
140160E00001110SO Shift Out
150170F00001111SI Shift In
160201000010000DLE Data Link Escape
170211100010001DC1 Device Control One (XON)
180221200010010DC2 Device Control Two
190231300010011DC3 Device Control Three (XOFF)
200241400010100DC4 Device Control Four
210251500010101NAK Negative Acknowledge
220261600010110SYN Synchronous Idle
230271700010111ETB End of Transmission Block
240301800011000CAN Cancel
250311900011001EM End of medium
260321A00011010SUB Substitute
270331B00011011ESC Escape
280341C00011100FS File Separator
290351D00011101GS Group Separator
300361E00011110RS Record Separator
310371F00011111US Unit Separator

ASCII printable characters (character code 32-127)

Codes 32-127 are common for all the different variations of the ASCII table, they are called printable characters, represent letters, digits, punctuation marks, and a few miscellaneous symbols. You will find almost every character on your keyboard. Character 127 represents the command DEL.
DECOCTHEXBINSymbolHTML NumberHTML NameDescription
320402000100000SP  Space
330412100100001!!!Exclamation mark
340422200100010"""Double quotes (or speech marks)
350432300100011###Number sign
360442400100100$$$Dollar
370452500100101%%%Per cent sign
380462600100110&&&Ampersand
390472700100111'''Single quote
400502800101000((&lparen;Open parenthesis (or open bracket)
410512900101001))&rparen;Close parenthesis (or close bracket)
420522A00101010***Asterisk
430532B00101011+++Plus
440542C00101100,,,Comma
450552D00101101-- Hyphen-minus
460562E00101110...Period, dot or full stop
470572F00101111///Slash or divide
48060300011000000 Zero
49061310011000111 One
50062320011001022 Two
51063330011001133 Three
52064340011010044 Four
53065350011010155 Five
54066360011011066 Six
55067370011011177 Seven
56070380011100088 Eight
57071390011100199 Nine
580723A00111010:::Colon
590733B00111011;&#59;;Semicolon
600743C00111100<&#60;&lt;Less than (or open angled bracket)
610753D00111101=&#61;&equals;Equals
620763E00111110>&#62;&gt;Greater than (or close angled bracket)
630773F00111111?&#63;&quest;Question mark
641004001000000@&#64;&commat;At sign
651014101000001A&#65; Uppercase A
661024201000010B&#66; Uppercase B
671034301000011C&#67; Uppercase C
681044401000100D&#68; Uppercase D
691054501000101E&#69; Uppercase E
701064601000110F&#70; Uppercase F
711074701000111G&#71; Uppercase G
721104801001000H&#72; Uppercase H
731114901001001I&#73; Uppercase I
741124A01001010J&#74; Uppercase J
751134B01001011K&#75; Uppercase K
761144C01001100L&#76; Uppercase L
771154D01001101M&#77; Uppercase M
781164E01001110N&#78; Uppercase N
791174F01001111O&#79; Uppercase O
801205001010000P&#80; Uppercase P
811215101010001Q&#81; Uppercase Q
821225201010010R&#82; Uppercase R
831235301010011S&#83; Uppercase S
841245401010100T&#84; Uppercase T
851255501010101U&#85; Uppercase U
861265601010110V&#86; Uppercase V
871275701010111W&#87; Uppercase W
881305801011000X&#88; Uppercase X
891315901011001Y&#89; Uppercase Y
901325A01011010Z&#90; Uppercase Z
911335B01011011[&#91;&lsqb;Opening bracket
921345C01011100\&#92;&bsol;Backslash
931355D01011101]&#93;&rsqb;Closing bracket
941365E01011110^&#94;&Hat;Caret - circumflex
951375F01011111_&#95;&lowbar;Underscore
961406001100000`&#96;&grave;Grave accent
971416101100001a&#97; Lowercase a
981426201100010b&#98; Lowercase b
991436301100011c&#99; Lowercase c
1001446401100100d&#100; Lowercase d
1011456501100101e&#101; Lowercase e
1021466601100110f&#102; Lowercase f
1031476701100111g&#103; Lowercase g
1041506801101000h&#104; Lowercase h
1051516901101001i&#105; Lowercase i
1061526A01101010j&#106; Lowercase j
1071536B01101011k&#107; Lowercase k
1081546C01101100l&#108; Lowercase l
1091556D01101101m&#109; Lowercase m
1101566E01101110n&#110; Lowercase n
1111576F01101111o&#111; Lowercase o
1121607001110000p&#112; Lowercase p
1131617101110001q&#113; Lowercase q
1141627201110010r&#114; Lowercase r
1151637301110011s&#115; Lowercase s
1161647401110100t&#116; Lowercase t
1171657501110101u&#117; Lowercase u
1181667601110110v&#118; Lowercase v
1191677701110111w&#119; Lowercase w
1201707801111000x&#120; Lowercase x
1211717901111001y&#121; Lowercase y
1221727A01111010z&#122; Lowercase z
1231737B01111011{&#123;&lcub;Opening brace
1241747C01111100|&#124;&verbar;Vertical bar
1251757D01111101}&#125;&rcub;Closing brace
1261767E01111110~&#126;&tilde;Equivalency sign - tilde
1271777F01111111DEL&#127; Delete

Extended ASCII codes (character code 128-255)

There are several different variations of the 8-bit ASCII table. The table below is according to Windows-1252 (CP-1252) which is a superset of ISO 8859-1, also called ISO Latin-1, in terms of printable characters, but differs from the IANA's ISO-8859-1 by using displayable characters rather than control characters in the 128 to 159 range. Characters that differ from ISO-8859-1 is marked by light blue color.
DECOCTHEXBINSymbolHTML NumberHTML NameDescription
1282008010000000&#8364;&euro;Euro sign
1292018110000001 Unused
1302028210000010&#130;&sbquo;Single low-9 quotation mark
1312038310000011ƒ&#131;&fnof;Latin small letter f with hook
1322048410000100&#132;&bdquo;Double low-9 quotation mark
1332058510000101&#133;&hellip;Horizontal ellipsis
1342068610000110&#134;&dagger;Dagger
1352078710000111&#135;&Dagger;Double dagger
1362108810001000ˆ&#136;&circ;Modifier letter circumflex accent
1372118910001001&#137;&permil;Per mille sign
1382128A10001010Š&#138;&Scaron;Latin capital letter S with caron
1392138B10001011&#139;&lsaquo;Single left-pointing angle quotation
1402148C10001100Œ&#140;&OElig;Latin capital ligature OE
1412158D10001101 Unused
1422168E10001110Ž&#142;&Zcaron;Latin capital letter Z with caron
1432178F10001111 Unused
1442209010010000 Unused
1452219110010001&#145;&lsquo;Left single quotation mark
1462229210010010&#146;&rsquo;Right single quotation mark
1472239310010011&#147;&ldquo;Left double quotation mark
1482249410010100&#148;&rdquo;Right double quotation mark
1492259510010101&#149;&bull;Bullet
1502269610010110&#150;&ndash;En dash
1512279710010111&#151;&mdash;Em dash
1522309810011000˜&#152;&tilde;Small tilde
1532319910011001&#153;&trade;Trade mark sign
1542329A10011010š&#154;&scaron;Latin small letter S with caron
1552339B10011011&#155;&rsaquo;Single right-pointing angle quotation mark
1562349C10011100œ&#156;&oelig;Latin small ligature oe
1572359D10011101 Unused
1582369E10011110ž&#158;&zcaron;Latin small letter z with caron
1592379F10011111Ÿ&#159;&Yuml;Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis
160240A010100000NBSP&#160;&nbsp;Non-breaking space
161241A110100001¡&#161;&iexcl;Inverted exclamation mark
162242A210100010¢&#162;&cent;Cent sign
163243A310100011£&#163;&pound;Pound sign
164244A410100100¤&#164;&curren;Currency sign
165245A510100101¥&#165;&yen;Yen sign
166246A610100110¦&#166;&brvbar;Pipe, broken vertical bar
167247A710100111§&#167;&sect;Section sign
168250A810101000¨&#168;&uml;Spacing diaeresis - umlaut
169251A910101001©&#169;&copy;Copyright sign
170252AA10101010ª&#170;&ordf;Feminine ordinal indicator
171253AB10101011«&#171;&laquo;Left double angle quotes
172254AC10101100¬&#172;&not;Negation
173255AD10101101­SHY&#173;&shy;Soft hyphen
174256AE10101110®&#174;&reg;Registered trade mark sign
175257AF10101111¯&#175;&macr;Spacing macron - overline
176260B010110000°&#176;&deg;Degree sign
177261B110110001±&#177;&plusmn;Plus-or-minus sign
178262B210110010²&#178;&sup2;Superscript two - squared
179263B310110011³&#179;&sup3;Superscript three - cubed
180264B410110100´&#180;&acute;Acute accent - spacing acute
181265B510110101µ&#181;&micro;Micro sign
182266B610110110&#182;&para;Pilcrow sign - paragraph sign
183267B710110111·&#183;&middot;Middle dot - Georgian comma
184270B810111000¸&#184;&cedil;Spacing cedilla
185271B910111001¹&#185;&sup1;Superscript one
186272BA10111010º&#186;&ordm;Masculine ordinal indicator
187273BB10111011»&#187;&raquo;Right double angle quotes
188274BC10111100¼&#188;&frac14;Fraction one quarter
189275BD10111101½&#189;&frac12;Fraction one half
190276BE10111110¾&#190;&frac34;Fraction three quarters
191277BF10111111¿&#191;&iquest;Inverted question mark
192300C011000000À&#192;&Agrave;Latin capital letter A with grave
193301C111000001Á&#193;&Aacute;Latin capital letter A with acute
194302C211000010Â&#194;&Acirc;Latin capital letter A with circumflex
195303C311000011Ã&#195;&Atilde;Latin capital letter A with tilde
196304C411000100Ä&#196;&Auml;Latin capital letter A with diaeresis
197305C511000101Å&#197;&Aring;Latin capital letter A with ring above
198306C611000110Æ&#198;&AElig;Latin capital letter AE
199307C711000111Ç&#199;&Ccedil;Latin capital letter C with cedilla
200310C811001000È&#200;&Egrave;Latin capital letter E with grave
201311C911001001É&#201;&Eacute;Latin capital letter E with acute
202312CA11001010Ê&#202;&Ecirc;Latin capital letter E with circumflex
203313CB11001011Ë&#203;&Euml;Latin capital letter E with diaeresis
204314CC11001100Ì&#204;&Igrave;Latin capital letter I with grave
205315CD11001101Í&#205;&Iacute;Latin capital letter I with acute
206316CE11001110Î&#206;&Icirc;Latin capital letter I with circumflex
207317CF11001111Ï&#207;&Iuml;Latin capital letter I with diaeresis
208320D011010000Ð&#208;&ETH;Latin capital letter ETH
209321D111010001Ñ&#209;&Ntilde;Latin capital letter N with tilde
210322D211010010Ò&#210;&Ograve;Latin capital letter O with grave
211323D311010011Ó&#211;&Oacute;Latin capital letter O with acute
212324D411010100Ô&#212;&Ocirc;Latin capital letter O with circumflex
213325D511010101Õ&#213;&Otilde;Latin capital letter O with tilde
214326D611010110Ö&#214;&Ouml;Latin capital letter O with diaeresis
215327D711010111×&#215;&times;Multiplication sign
216330D811011000Ø&#216;&Oslash;Latin capital letter O with slash
217331D911011001Ù&#217;&Ugrave;Latin capital letter U with grave
218332DA11011010Ú&#218;&Uacute;Latin capital letter U with acute
219333DB11011011Û&#219;&Ucirc;Latin capital letter U with circumflex
220334DC11011100Ü&#220;&Uuml;Latin capital letter U with diaeresis
221335DD11011101Ý&#221;&Yacute;Latin capital letter Y with acute
222336DE11011110Þ&#222;&THORN;Latin capital letter THORN
223337DF11011111ß&#223;&szlig;Latin small letter sharp s - ess-zed
224340E011100000à&#224;&agrave;Latin small letter a with grave
225341E111100001á&#225;&aacute;Latin small letter a with acute
226342E211100010â&#226;&acirc;Latin small letter a with circumflex
227343E311100011ã&#227;&atilde;Latin small letter a with tilde
228344E411100100ä&#228;&auml;Latin small letter a with diaeresis
229345E511100101å&#229;&aring;Latin small letter a with ring above
230346E611100110æ&#230;&aelig;Latin small letter ae
231347E711100111ç&#231;&ccedil;Latin small letter c with cedilla
232350E811101000è&#232;&egrave;Latin small letter e with grave
233351E911101001é&#233;&eacute;Latin small letter e with acute
234352EA11101010ê&#234;&ecirc;Latin small letter e with circumflex
235353EB11101011ë&#235;&euml;Latin small letter e with diaeresis
236354EC11101100ì&#236;&igrave;Latin small letter i with grave
237355ED11101101í&#237;&iacute;Latin small letter i with acute
238356EE11101110î&#238;&icirc;Latin small letter i with circumflex
239357EF11101111ï&#239;&iuml;Latin small letter i with diaeresis
240360F011110000ð&#240;&eth;Latin small letter eth
241361F111110001ñ&#241;&ntilde;Latin small letter n with tilde
242362F211110010ò&#242;&ograve;Latin small letter o with grave
243363F311110011ó&#243;&oacute;Latin small letter o with acute
244364F411110100ô&#244;&ocirc;Latin small letter o with circumflex
245365F511110101õ&#245;&otilde;Latin small letter o with tilde
246366F611110110ö&#246;&ouml;Latin small letter o with diaeresis
247367F711110111÷&#247;&divide;Division sign
248370F811111000ø&#248;&oslash;Latin small letter o with slash
249371F911111001ù&#249;&ugrave;Latin small letter u with grave
250372FA11111010ú&#250;&uacute;Latin small letter u with acute
251373FB11111011û&#251;&ucirc;Latin small letter u with circumflex
252374FC11111100ü&#252;&uuml;Latin small letter u with diaeresis
253375FD11111101ý&#253;&yacute;Latin small letter y with acute
254376FE11111110þ&#254;&thorn;Latin small letter thorn
255377FF11111111ÿ&#255;&yuml;Latin small letter y with diaeresis

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, all ASCII characters are 1 byte (8 bits) in size when stored in memory or transmitted. Although ASCII characters are represented using 7-bit binary numbers, they are typically stored in an 8-bit byte with the most significant bit (MSB) set to 0. This extra bit helps maintain compatibility with 8-bit character sets and computer systems, as well as allowing for error detection in certain communication protocols.

ASCII is still used in many situations where a small, fixed set of characters is required, but it has been largely replaced by more advanced character encoding standards such as Unicode which provides support for a much larger set of characters and languages.

ASCII, in its original form, has 128 characters, comprised of uppercase and lowercase letters, digits, punctuation marks, and control characters. However, Extended ASCII contains 256 characters, expanding the character set by using 8 bits and providing additional accented letters, symbols, and special characters. These additional characters vary depending on the specific code page being used, such as ISO-8859-1, Windows-1252, or IBM PC (Code Page 437).

ASCII characters, including those from the extended ASCII character sets, are stored in memory as 8-bit bytes. Each ASCII character has a unique 7-bit binary code, with values ranging from 0000000 (0 in decimal) to 1111111 (127 in decimal). When storing an ASCII character in memory, the 7-bit binary code is placed in a byte with the most significant bit (MSB) set to 0, effectively making it an 8-bit value.

Extended ASCII character sets, such as ISO-8859-1 (Latin-1) or Windows-1252 (CP1252), use the full capacity of an 8-bit byte to represent 256 unique characters instead of just 128. When storing extended ASCII characters in memory, each character is represented by an 8-bit byte, just like the original ASCII characters. The 8-bit representation allows for the full range of 256 characters, including both the original ASCII characters (0 to 127) and the extended characters (128 to 255).

For example, the letter 'A' has an ASCII value of 65, which corresponds to the 7-bit binary code 1000001. When storing this character in memory, the binary code is placed in an 8-bit byte with the MSB set to 0: 01000001. In the case of an extended ASCII character like 'Ñ' in the ISO-8859-1 character set, it has a decimal value of 209, which corresponds to the 8-bit binary code 11010001.

When processing or transmitting text data, computer systems and communication protocols use these byte representations of ASCII and extended ASCII characters to encode, store, and transfer information. However, due to the lack of standardization among extended ASCII character sets, compatibility issues may arise when transferring data between systems that use different character sets.

There are several ways to identify ASCII text or files, such as the file extension, file properties, the presence or absence of a BOM, the character range, or by looking at the file content with a text editor or hex editor.

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a character encoding standard that assigns a unique 7-bit or 8-bit binary code to each character used in the English language and a few other characters commonly used in electronic communication. To represent a character using ASCII, its corresponding binary code is used. For example, the letter "A" is represented by the binary code 01000001 in ASCII, which is equivalent to the decimal value 65. Similarly, the character "@" is represented by the binary code 01000000, which is equivalent to the decimal value 64. The use of ASCII codes allows computers and other electronic devices to communicate and exchange information using a standardized set of characters, regardless of the language or operating system being used.

ASCII is still used in a number of ways in modern computing and on the internet, although its use has become increasingly limited over time as more comprehensive character encoding standards like Unicode have become more widely adopted. Some examples of how ASCII is used in modern computing and on the internet include text files, ASCII art, terminal and command-line interfaces, legacy systems, file name and file path. It's worth noting that despite its limited use, ASCII is still widely used, and it is considered as a fallback option in case other encoding standards fail.

There are 95 printable ASCII characters, numbered from 32 to 126.

The ASCII character set consists of a total of 128 characters. These characters include uppercase and lowercase letters, digits, punctuation marks, and various control codes. The ASCII character set uses 7-bit binary numbers to represent each character. The first 32 characters are control characters, such as carriage return, line feed, and escape, and the remaining 96 characters are printable characters that can be displayed on a screen or printed on paper.

In the ASCII table, each character is represented by a 7-bit binary code, which means it can have 2^7 or 128 possible values. However, in modern computing systems, characters are typically represented using 8 bits or 1 byte, with the eighth bit often used as a parity or control bit. Therefore, in practical terms, each character in the ASCII table occupies one byte of memory.

A single byte can represent one character in many character sets, including ASCII. A byte consists of 8 bits, which allows for 2^8 or 256 different values. In the ASCII character set, only 7 bits are used, so a byte can easily represent any of the 128 ASCII characters, with the most significant bit (MSB) set to 0. Other character sets, such as extended ASCII or Unicode, may use more than one byte to represent a character, depending on the encoding used.

In 7-bit ASCII, there are 128 (2^7) codes available, which means that each character is represented by a 7-bit binary number, for a total of 128 possible values. This 128 values is only for the basic ASCII set and doesn't include any additional characters or symbols. The ASCII set includes standard English characters, numbers, and some punctuation, but it doesn't include any accented characters, non-English characters, or other symbols.

No, ANSI and Windows-1252 are not the same. ANSI is a term that refers to various standards for character encodings that were used in early versions of Microsoft Windows. Windows-1252, on the other hand, is a specific character encoding standard that was used in Western European versions of Windows. While Windows-1252 is a type of ANSI encoding, not all ANSI encodings are the same as Windows-1252.

ASCII was originally defined as a 7-bit character encoding, which allows for 128 unique codes (0 to 127). This 7-bit representation was sufficient for the limited number of characters and symbols in use at the time it was created. However, as computers became more powerful and the need to represent a larger character set arose, the 8-bit representation of ASCII, known as extended ASCII, was developed. This extended version uses an 8th bit to represent an additional 128 characters, for a total of 256 codes (0 to 255). The use of 8-bit ASCII allowed for the representation of a wider range of characters, symbols, and punctuation marks, including those used in non-English languages. However, this still fell short of the requirements of many modern applications, leading to the development of Unicode as a more comprehensive character encoding standard.

No, ASCII is not a programming language. It's a character encoding standard used for representing text in computers and other electronic devices. Programming languages, on the other hand, are used to write software programs and algorithms, and provide a set of instructions for a computer to follow.

ASCII is a fixed-length character encoding standard, which means that each character is assigned a unique code value of fixed length, typically 7 or 8 bits, and the ASCII character set consists of only 128 characters, which is not sufficient to represent all the characters and symbols used in the world's different languages.

No, ASCII is not the same for all languages. ASCII is a standard for encoding characters in computers and communication devices that was developed specifically for the English language. It includes characters for upper and lowercase English letters, digits, punctuation marks, and some control codes. ASCII is able to represent a limited set of characters, about 128 different characters, which are not enough to represent all the characters that you may see in different languages. To solve this problem, many other character encoding standards have been developed to support different languages, such as ISO-8859 and UTF-8.

ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. It originated from the need for a standardized way to represent characters in electronic communication. In the early days of computing, different manufacturers used different methods for representing characters, which made it difficult to exchange information between different computers. To address this issue, the American Standards Association (ASA) established a committee in the early 1960s to develop a standard code for character representation. The resulting standard, ASCII, was first published in 1963 and included a set of 128 characters, each represented by a 7-bit code. The ASCII character set included upper and lowercase letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and control characters for device control. ASCII quickly became widely adopted and has since been used as a basis for many other character encoding standards, including Unicode. While ASCII is no longer the dominant character encoding standard, it remains an important part of computing history and continues to be used in many legacy systems and applications.

The best font for displaying ASCII characters would depend on the specific use case and the type of text being displayed.

ASCII is a character encoding that represents 128 English characters as numbers, with each character assigned a unique number between 0 and 127. The 256-character ASCII set is an extended version of ASCII that includes an additional 128 characters to represent various non-English characters, symbols, and punctuation marks.

In the ASCII character set, characters with decimal values ranging from 32 to 127 are known as the printable characters. These include the space character (ASCII 32), various punctuation marks, digits (0-9), uppercase letters (A-Z), and lowercase letters (a-z). The printable characters represent the most commonly used characters in English text and can be displayed on screen or printed on paper.

ASCII 128 to 255 are the extended ASCII characters, representing various special characters and symbols. They are not part of the original ASCII character set, which only includes characters 0 to 127, but were later added to support non-English languages and other symbols. The specific characters included in this range may vary depending on the character encoding being used.

ASCII code stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. It is a standard used to represent characters in digital form. ASCII code assigns a unique number to each character that can be represented as a binary code. The original ASCII version consists of 128 possible code points, and the extended ASCII version consists of 256 possible code points, where each code point represents a unique character. For example, the uppercase letter "A" is represented by ASCII code 65 (01000001 in binary form), and the lowercase letter "a" is represented by code 97 (01100001 in binary form). ASCII code is primarily used to represent text-based data in computers and other electronic devices. ASCII is one of the oldest and most basic character encoding schemes still in use today, and it has been an important standard for enabling interoperability between different systems and software.

An ASCII table is a table that shows the ASCII codes and their corresponding characters. The table typically shows the ASCII code in decimal form, which is the form most commonly used in computers, as well as the code in hexadecimal and binary form. Some ASCII tables also show the corresponding HTML or Unicode code for each character. It's also used as a reference by many programmers, who use it to find the ASCII code of characters they need to use in their code.

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is a character encoding standard for electronic communication. It assigns unique numerical values to a set of 128 characters, including letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and control codes. ASCII is widely used for text files, communications protocols, and other applications that work with plain text.

A character set, also known as a character encoding or code page, is a set of characters and their corresponding numerical values that a computer uses to represent and manipulate text. Some examples of character sets include ASCII, UTF-8, and UTF-16. The choice of character set can affect the compatibility and display of text across different platforms and devices.

In ASCII, each character is represented using a 7-bit code. This means that each character in ASCII has a size of 7 bits, which is equivalent to 0.875 bytes. However, in most modern computer systems, characters are usually stored using 8 bits (1 byte) of memory. As a result, each ASCII character will typically occupy one byte of memory, even though the actual size of the character is only 7 bits.

In ASCII, a control character is a non-printable character that is used to control certain aspects of the output or behavior of a computer system. Control characters in ASCII have codes in the range 0 to 31 and 127.

Extended ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is an extension of the standard ASCII character set, which includes additional characters beyond the basic 128 characters defined in the standard ASCII set. Extended ASCII uses 8-bits (or 1 byte) instead of 7-bits to represent each character, which allows for up to 256 possible characters. This means that extended ASCII can represent additional characters beyond the standard ASCII set, such as accented letters, currency symbols, and additional graphical characters. It is important to note that Extended ASCII is not standardized and it's not compatible across all platforms, it is not recommended to use it in modern applications and systems, Unicode is the recommended character encoding standard.

Non-printable characters are characters that are not meant to be displayed on a screen or printed on paper. They are used to control the flow of data and to send special instructions to the computer or other device. Some examples of non-printable characters is control characters, null characters, white space characters, escape sequences.

Standard ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is the most widely used character encoding standard for computers and communication systems. It assigns unique numbers to 128 characters, including letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and control characters. The ASCII standard was developed in the 1960s and is based on the English alphabet. It includes uppercase and lowercase letters of the English alphabet, numbers (0-9), punctuation marks, control characters, such as the tab, newline, and carriage return characters, a few special characters, such as the @ symbol and the # symbol.

The ASCII value of the digits 1 to 9 are from 49 to 57.

The ASCII value of the capital (uppercase) letters A to Z is from 65 to 90 and lowercase is from 97 to 122.

ASCII is a character encoding standard that defines a mapping of numerical values to specific characters. ASCII only includes characters with values between 0 and 127, and does not define any representation for negative numbers. Therefore, negative numbers do not have a direct ASCII representation.

The main difference between ASCII and Unicode is the number of characters they can represent. ASCII is a character encoding standard that assigns unique numbers to 128 characters, while Unicode is a more comprehensive character encoding standard that assigns unique numbers to over 149,000 characters. Another key difference between ASCII and Unicode is the way they are encoded. ASCII uses 7 or 8 bits to represent each character, while Unicode uses a variable number of bits, typically 16 or 32. In summary, ASCII is a limited character encoding standard that was developed for use in early computers and communication systems, while Unicode is a more comprehensive and flexible standard that is widely used in modern computing and on the internet.

The largest ASCII value is 127. ASCII is a 7-bit encoding standard, which means that it can represent a total of 128 characters (2^7 = 128), where each character is assigned a unique binary code that corresponds to a decimal value between 0 and 127.

The term "extended ASCII" refers to different variations of the ASCII character set that include additional characters beyond the standard 128 characters defined in the original ASCII standard. Some versions of extended ASCII use 8-bit codes, which allows for up to 256 characters (2^8 = 256), while others use 16-bit codes, which allows for up to 65536 characters (2^16 = 65536).

The last ASCII character is the "delete" (DEL) character, which has a decimal value of 127. In binary, it is represented as 1111111. The DEL character is a non-printable control character that was originally used to indicate the deletion of a character in early computer systems and communication protocols.

The main limitation of ASCII is its limited character set, which only includes 128 characters (95 printable characters and 33 control characters). This limited character set is not sufficient to represent a large number of symbols and characters used in various languages and scripts, especially non-English languages. This means that ASCII cannot be used to represent text in many languages, and special encodings such as Unicode are needed to represent the full range of characters used in these languages. Another limitation of ASCII is that it uses only 7 bits to represent each character, so it can only represent 128 characters, which is not enough for many modern applications that require the representation of a larger character set.

Windows-1252 is a character encoding standard that is also known as "Windows Western" or "Windows Latin 1". It is an extension of the ASCII character set and includes an additional 128 characters, also called "extended ASCII", that provide support for additional languages and special characters. Windows-1252 is primarily used in the Microsoft Windows operating system and in applications that run on Windows. It is also commonly used in web pages and email messages that are intended for a Western European audience.

The predecessor of ASCII was a character encoding standard called Baudot code, which was developed in the late 1800s for use in telegraphy. Baudot code was a 5-bit code that represented a limited set of characters, including letters, numbers, and a few special characters. While Baudot code was suitable for telegraphy, it was not well-suited for use in computing. In the early days of computing, several different encoding systems were used to represent characters, including EBCDIC and various proprietary systems developed by computer manufacturers. ASCII was developed in the 1960s as a standardized character encoding system that could be used across different computer systems. Unlike Baudot code and other earlier systems, ASCII used a 7-bit code to represent characters, which allowed for a larger character set that included both upper and lowercase letters, numbers, punctuation marks, and control characters.

An ASCII character is a character from the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) character set. The ASCII character set consists of 128 characters, including 33 non-printable control characters and 95 printable characters. The printable characters include English letters (uppercase and lowercase), digits (0-9), punctuation marks, and some common symbols, such as the space character.

ASCII characters are represented by 7-bit binary numbers, with each character having a unique binary code ranging from 0000000 (0 in decimal) to 1111111 (127 in decimal). These codes are used to store, process, and transmit text data in computer systems and across various communication protocols.

ASCII code values are stored in computer's memory and storage device as binary codes, and they are also stored in specialized memory chips called character generators which are used to display text on a computer screen or monitor.

ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) was developed by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in the 1960s. The original version of ASCII was based on a standard developed by the American Standards Association (ASA) in 1963, which was later revised and approved by ANSI in 1968 as "ANSI X3.4-1968". It is important to note that the ASCII standard was not a single individual's work but a group effort, and the standardization of the ASCII code was an ongoing process that was updated and improved over time by the industry.

ASCII was originally designed to use 7 bits to represent each character, allowing a total of 128 characters (2^7 = 128) to be represented. This was sufficient to represent the standard English alphabet, numbers, punctuation and some other characters. However, as computers and communication systems developed, ASCII was also extended to use all 8 bits of a byte to represent 256 characters (2^8 = 256), this was done to make it easier to work with computers and communication systems that were designed to operate with 8-bit byte.

ASCII is limited to 128 characters because it was designed to use 7-bit binary numbers for encoding. With 7 bits, you can represent 2^7, or 128, unique values. The decision to use 7 bits was mainly based on the technical limitations and requirements of the time when ASCII was developed in the 1960s.

During that period, computer systems and communication protocols were less advanced and needed simpler, more compact encoding schemes. By using a 7-bit encoding, ASCII could be easily stored and transmitted over early telecommunication systems. The 128 characters in ASCII were sufficient to represent the most commonly used characters in English text and some control characters for basic communication and formatting tasks.

Extended ASCII is limited to 256 characters because it uses 8 bits (or 1 byte) to represent each character, and 2^8 = 256. This means that there are only 256 possible values that can be represented with 8 bits. This was sufficient for the needs of early computers and communication systems.

ASCII is important because it was one of the first widely-adopted character encoding standards, it's easy to implement and it's a universal standard, it's the foundation of many other standards and it's still widely used today in many computer systems and on the internet.

Unicode is an extension of ASCII and it's designed to provide a standardized way to represent all of the characters from most of the world's written languages, including those with accented characters, special characters and characters from non-Latin scripts. While ASCII only includes 128 characters, Unicode includes more than 149,000 characters, making it much more versatile and applicable to a wider range of uses.
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